Reoperation rates and risk factors for revision 4 years after dynamic stabilization of the lumbar spine

Background Context

The concept of dynamic stabilization (DS) of the lumbar spine for treatment of degenerative instability has been introduced almost two decades ago. Dynamic stabilization follows the principle of controlling movement in the coronal plane by providing load transfer of the spinal segment without fusion and, at the same time, reducing side effects such as adjacent segment disease (ASD). So far, only little is known about revision rates after DS due to ASD and screw loosening (SL).

针灸联合推拿治疗对腰椎间盘突出症患者疼痛及功能恢复的影响

目的:探究针灸联合推拿治疗对腰椎间盘突出症患者疼痛及功能恢复的影响。方法:选取2017年8月-2018年6月于我院治疗的90例腰椎间盘突出症患者,采用随机数字表法分为两组,各45例。对照组给予常规治疗,观察组采用针灸联合推拿治疗。对比两组临床疗效、治疗前后中医证候积分、疼痛评分(Visual Analogue Scale,VAS)及功能恢复评分(Japanese Orthopaedic Association Scores,JOA)。结果:相较于对照组观察组的治疗总有效率较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组治疗后各中医证候积分分别为(1.05±0.64)分、(1.12±0.87)分、(1.01±0.62)分、(0.94±0.12)分,VAS评分为(1.84±0.22)分均低于对照组(2.57±0.81)分、(2.63±0.91)分、(2.94±0.68)分、(1.38±0.36)分、(3.24±0.36)分,JOA评分为(21.33±2.46)分高于对照组(18.57±2.24)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:针灸联合推拿在治疗腰椎间盘突出症中获得较好的临床效果,患处疼痛感有效缓解,腰椎功能明显改善,值得推广应用。     

微创臭氧治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效

目的评价微创臭氧治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效。方法选取2018年10月-2019年10月深圳市龙岗区第三人民医院收治的腰椎间盘突出症患者60例作为研究对象,按照抽签法分为对照组和观察组各30例。对照组给予传统治疗,观察组采用微创臭氧治疗,比较两组患者的视觉模拟评分量表(VAS)评分和日本骨科协会评分表(JOA)评分。结果两组VAS评分经治疗后均明显低于治疗前,且观察组治疗后的VAS评分明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组JOA评分经治疗后均明显高于治疗前,且观察组治疗后的JOA评分明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论微创臭氧治疗腰椎间盘突出症效果良好,不仅能缓解腰椎疼痛,还有助于腰椎功能的提升,值得临床推广应用。     

Intradural Disc Herniation in the Setting of Congenital Lumbar Spinal Stenosis

IntroductionAccounting for an estimated 1.10-1.76% of all lumbar herniations, lumbar intradural disc herniation (IDH) occurs primarily in males during the fourth to fifth decades of life. While not validated, congenital lumbar spinal stenosis (CLSS) is implicated as one precipitating factor for IDH.Case reportWe report 28-year-old Hispanic female with CLSS, severe obesity, and degenerative disk disease, with a history of minimally invasive surgical (MIS) decompression for a large paracentral L4-5 disc herniation at 25. After three years, the patient developed sudden burning dysesthesias in the L4-5 dermatomes bilaterally and temporary leg weakness. Lumbar magnetic resonance imaging exhibited severe L4-5 spinal stenosis, and the patient underwent repeat MIS decompression, which again provided her with adequate symptom resolution. However, 20 days postoperatively she developed cauda equina syndrome with anal dysfunction, and bilateral leg and foot weakness. Upon open surgical exploration we discovered a tense L4-5 dural protrusion. After a dorsal durotomy, a large IDH with a ventral dural tear was identified. Subsequent to adequate debulking of the IDH, the ventral tear was repaired, and an expansile duraplasty was performed. Overall, the patient's bladder and bowel function, pain, hypoesthesia, and motor strength all improved. Two weeks after surgery she presented with a lumbar pseudomeningocele that was managed conservatively.ConclusionThis report not only highlights an atypical presentation of IDH and is the first case of CLSS linked with IDH, lending support to the hypothesis that CLSS can lead to IDH, but also provides a comprehensive review of IDHs.     

改良一侧PKP联合对侧PVP与双侧PKP治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的对比研究

目的探讨同椎体一侧经皮椎体后凸成形术 (percutaneous kyphoplasty,PKP) 联合对侧经皮椎体成形术 (percutaneous vertebroplasty,PVP) 对治疗胸腰椎骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折 (osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures,OVCFs) 的临床疗效。方法选择 2018 年 5~12 月收治的 67 例胸腰椎 OCVFs 患者。其中试验组 (改良一侧 PKP 联合对侧 PVP) 31 例,对照组 (传统双侧 PKP) 36 例。统计比较两组手术时间、术前与术后疼痛视觉模拟评分 (visual analogue scale,VAS)、骨水泥注入量和渗漏率、Cobb’s 角矫正情况以及椎体前缘和中部的高度变化,分析各项指标之间的差异是否具有统计学意义。结果所有患者术后症状均得到明显缓解,均未发生严重并发症。其中,试验组手术时间 (33.35±11.34) min,术前与术后 7 天 VAS 评分分别为 (7.60±2.34) 分和 (1.95±0.63) 分,椎体前缘高度分别为 (18.78±3.07) mm 和 (28.22±4.98) mm,椎体中部高度分别为 (19.21±4.35) mm 和 (30.82±3.31) mm,Cobb’s 角分别为 (26.84±4.79) °和 (13.66±3.13) °;对照组手术时间为 (42.10±12.26) min,术前与术后 7 天 VAS 评分分别为 (7.85±1.87) 分和 (2.11±0.45) 分,椎体前缘高度分别为 (20.31±4.76) mm 和 (26.76±2.21) mm,椎体中部高度分别为 (20.88±3.16) mm 和 (29.79±1.96) mm,Cobb’s 角分别为 (25.13±3.02) °和 (13.38±1.21) °。两组椎体前缘和中部高度、Cobb’s 角、VAS 评分术后与术前比较差异均有统计学意义 (P<0.05),但所有患者两侧缘高度改善率之间差异无统计学意义 (P>0.05)。组间比较,试验组手术操作时间低于对照组 (P<0.05),但椎体前缘和中部高度、Cobb’s 角度、VAS 评分的恢复改善差异无统计学意义 (P>0.05)。共有 9 例发生骨水泥渗漏 (试验组 5 例,对照组 4 例),渗漏率差异无统计学意义 (P>0.05)。结论改良一侧 PKP 联合对侧 PVP 与双侧 PKP 术式均能获得良好临床疗效。同时两种术式对疼痛改善程度、伤椎的复位效果以及骨水泥渗漏率方面差异无统计学意义,但改良一侧 PKP 联合对侧 PVP 在手术操作时间上明显优于双侧 PKP 术式。     

侧前方腰椎椎体间融合术的研究进展

腰椎椎体间植骨融合术是治疗腰椎椎间盘退变性疾病(disc degenerative disease,DDD)的经典手术方式,包括后路腰椎椎体间融合术(posterior lumbar interbody fusion,PLIF)、经椎间孔入路腰椎椎体间融合术(transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion,TLIF)、极外侧入路腰椎椎体间融合术(extreme lateral interbody fusion,XLIF)。     

腰椎术后迟发性硬脊膜撕裂所致脑脊液漏的发病及治疗

目的探讨腰椎术后迟发性硬脊膜撕裂(late presentation of dural tears,LPDT)所致脑脊液漏的发病及治疗方法,为临床管理患者提供新的思路及治疗方案。方法选取自2015年1月至2017年12月于我院腰椎组进行腰椎后路手术的患者,分析患者的一般信息和脑脊液漏情况,根据随访情况及复查情况分析并查找具有LPDT的患者及其治疗方式、并发症以及临床结局。结果共2359例腰椎术后患者纳入研究,脑脊液漏患者共43例(1.82%),术中或术后5天内出现的硬脊膜撕裂(dural tears,DT)伴脑脊液漏患者36例(1.53%),术中发现DT 23例(0.98%),LPDT所致脑脊液漏患者7例(0.30%),其中,2例分别于术后3周、4个月行局部清创+硬脊膜修补手术,5例经卧床休息保守治疗,5例恢复在良好及以上,2例恢复较差,而非延迟性脑脊液漏患者术后恢复未发生较差结局。结论术中未被识别的LPDT所致的脑脊液漏在脊柱术中是一个比较特殊的并发症,需要提高临床认识和予以恰当的治疗,对于有可疑症状的患者应当提高警惕,以帮助患者更好地恢复,减少长期后遗症。